添加VS项目

TupleStudy/Student.cs

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+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Text;
+
+namespace TupleStudy
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// 学生类
+    /// </summary>
+    public class Student
+    {
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 编号
+        /// </summary>
+        public int Id { get; set; }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 姓名
+        /// </summary>
+        public string Name{ get; set; }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 年龄
+        /// </summary>
+        public UInt16 Age { get; set; }
+    }
+}

TupleStudy/TupleStudy.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+using System;
+
+namespace TupleStudy
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Tuple 学习
+    /// 元组是一种数据结构，具有特定数量和元素序列。
+    /// Tuple是C# 4.0时出的新特性，.Net Framework 4.0以上版本可用。
+    /// </summary>
+    public class TupleStudy
+    {
+        #region 创建元组
+        /*
+          注意：仅支持1到7个元组元素，如果有8个元素或者更多，需要使用Tuple的嵌套和Rest属性去实现。 
+        */
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 利用构造函数创建元组
+        /// 灵活，没有个数等限制
+        /// </summary>
+        public Tuple<int> GetTuple_Constructor_One()
+        {
+            var tuple = new Tuple<int>(1);
+
+            return tuple;
+        }
+
+        public Tuple<T> GetTuple_Constructor_One<T>(T tupleType)
+        {
+            var tuple = new Tuple<T>(tupleType);
+
+            return tuple;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 利用静态 Create方法创建元组
+        /// 最多支持八个元素
+        /// </summary>
+        public Tuple<T1, T2> GetTuple_StaticMethod_Tow<T1, T2>(T1 tupleValue1, T2 tupleValue2)
+        {
+            var tuple = Tuple.Create<T1, T2>(tupleValue1,tupleValue2);
+
+            return tuple;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 超过8项，使用嵌套
+        /// </summary>
+        public Tuple<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, Tuple<int, string>> GetTuple_Constructor_Nest()
+        {
+            var nestTuple = new Tuple<int, string>(8, "嵌套Tuple");
+            var tuple = new Tuple<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, Tuple<int, string>>(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, nestTuple);
+
+
+            //此处不能使用Tuple.Create()方法
+            return tuple;
+        }
+        #endregion
+
+        #region 表示一组数据
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 返回一组数据
+        /// </summary>
+        public Tuple<int, string, uint> GetStudentTuple(int id=1,string name="wanggaofeng", uint age=18)
+        {
+            var tuple = Tuple.Create<int, string, uint>(id, name, age);
+            return tuple;
+        }
+        #endregion
+
+        #region 从方法返回多个值
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 方法返回多值
+        /// </summary>
+        public Tuple<int, string, int, decimal> GetEgg()
+        {
+            var tuple = Tuple.Create<int, string, int, decimal>(1, "白色金蛋", 2018001, new decimal(25.50));
+
+            return tuple;
+        }
+        #endregion
+
+        #region 用于单参数方法的多值传递
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 砸金蛋
+        /// 单参数方法的多值传递
+        /// </summary>
+        public bool SmashEgg(object egg)
+        {
+            var tuple = egg as Tuple<int, string, int, decimal>;
+            if (tuple == null)
+            {
+               return false;
+            }
+
+            if (tuple.Item1 % 2 ==0)
+            {
+                return true;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        #endregion
+
+        #region 缺点
+        // 访问元素的时候只能通过ItemX去访问，使用前需要明确元素顺序，属性名字没有实际意义，不方便记忆；
+
+        // 最多有八个元素，要想更多只能通过最后一个元素进行嵌套扩展；
+
+        // Tuple是一个引用类型，不像其它的简单类型一样是值类型，它在堆上分配空间，在CPU密集操作时可能有太多的创建和分配工作。
+        #endregion
+    }
+}

TupleStudy/TupleStudy.csproj

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+<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
+
+  <PropertyGroup>
+    <TargetFramework>netstandard2.0</TargetFramework>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+
+</Project>

TupleStudy/ValueTupleStudy.cs

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+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Text;
+
+namespace TupleStudy
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    ///  值元组 学习
+    ///  ValueTuple是C# 7.0的新特性之一，.Net Framework 4.7以上版本可用, 其它版本可以用 nuget 添加System.ValueTuple
+    ///  值元组也是一种数据结构，用于表示特定数量和元素序列，但是是和元组类不一样的，主要区别如下：
+    ///  值元组是结构，是值类型，不是类，而元组（Tuple）是类，引用类型；
+    ///  值元组元素是可变的，不是只读的，也就是说可以改变值元组中的元素值；
+    ///  值元组的数据成员是字段不是属性。
+    /// </summary>
+    public class ValueTupleStudy
+    {
+       
+    }
+}

TupleStudyTest/Properties/AssemblyInfo.cs

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+using System.Reflection;
+using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
+using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
+
+// 有关程序集的一般信息由以下
+// 控制。更改这些特性值可修改
+// 与程序集关联的信息。
+[assembly: AssemblyTitle("TupleStudyTest")]
+[assembly: AssemblyDescription("")]
+[assembly: AssemblyConfiguration("")]
+[assembly: AssemblyCompany("")]
+[assembly: AssemblyProduct("TupleStudyTest")]
+[assembly: AssemblyCopyright("Copyright ©  2018")]
+[assembly: AssemblyTrademark("")]
+[assembly: AssemblyCulture("")]
+
+// 将 ComVisible 设置为 false 会使此程序集中的类型
+//对 COM 组件不可见。如果需要从 COM 访问此程序集中的类型
+//请将此类型的 ComVisible 特性设置为 true。
+[assembly: ComVisible(false)]
+
+// 如果此项目向 COM 公开，则下列 GUID 用于类型库的 ID
+[assembly: Guid("d8cbdb9a-3eda-4a6b-bb13-e7765b63717e")]
+
+// 程序集的版本信息由下列四个值组成: 
+//
+//      主版本
+//      次版本
+//      生成号
+//      修订号
+//
+// 可以指定所有值，也可以使用以下所示的 "*" 预置版本号和修订号
+//通过使用 "*"，如下所示:
+// [assembly: AssemblyVersion("1.0.*")]
+[assembly: AssemblyVersion("1.0.0.0")]
+[assembly: AssemblyFileVersion("1.0.0.0")]

TupleStudyTest/TupleStudyTest.cs

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+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
+using System.Text;
+using System.Threading.Tasks;
+
+using Xunit;
+using Xunit.Abstractions;
+using Xunit.Extensions;
+using Xunit.Sdk;
+
+using TupleStudy;
+
+namespace TupleStudyTest
+{
+    public class TupleStudyTest
+    {
+        private TupleStudy.TupleStudy tupleStudy;
+
+        public TupleStudyTest()
+        {
+            tupleStudy = new TupleStudy.TupleStudy();
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void GetTuple_Constructor_One_Test()
+        {
+            var tuple = tupleStudy.GetTuple_Constructor_One();
+            Assert.Equal(1, tuple.Item1);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void GetTuple_Constructor_One_Test2()
+        {
+            var tuple = tupleStudy.GetTuple_Constructor_One<int>(5);
+            Assert.Equal(5, tuple.Item1);
+
+            var tuple2 = tupleStudy.GetTuple_Constructor_One<string>("wanggaofeng");
+            Assert.Equal("wanggaofeng", tuple2.Item1);
+
+            var student = new Student() { Id = 1, Name = "wanggaofeng", Age = 28 };
+
+            var studentTuple = tupleStudy.GetTuple_Constructor_One <Student>(student);
+            Assert.Equal(student, studentTuple.Item1);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void GetTuple_StaticMethod_Tow_Test()
+        {
+            var tuple = tupleStudy.GetTuple_StaticMethod_Tow<int,string>(5,"wanggaofeng");
+            Assert.Equal(5, tuple.Item1);
+            Assert.Equal("wanggaofeng", tuple.Item2);
+
+            var student = new Student() { Id = 1, Name = "wanggaofeng", Age = 28 };
+
+            var studentTuple = tupleStudy.GetTuple_StaticMethod_Tow<string,Student>("静态方法",student);
+            Assert.Equal("静态方法", studentTuple.Item1);
+            Assert.Equal(student, studentTuple.Item2);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void GetTuple_Constructor_Nest_Test()
+        {
+            var tuple = tupleStudy.GetTuple_Constructor_Nest();
+
+            Assert.Equal(1, tuple.Item1);
+            Assert.Equal(2, tuple.Item2);
+            Assert.Equal(3, tuple.Item3);
+            Assert.Equal(4, tuple.Item4);
+            Assert.Equal(5, tuple.Item5);
+            Assert.Equal(6, tuple.Item6);
+            Assert.Equal(7, tuple.Item7);
+
+            Assert.Equal(8, tuple.Rest.Item1);
+            Assert.Equal("嵌套Tuple", tuple.Rest.Item2);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void GetStudentTuple_Test()
+        {
+            var tuple = tupleStudy.GetStudentTuple(2,"王高峰",30);
+
+            Assert.Equal(2, tuple.Item1);
+            Assert.Equal("王高峰", tuple.Item2);
+            Assert.True(30==tuple.Item3);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void SashEgg_Test()
+        {
+            var tuple1 = new Tuple<string,int, string, int, decimal>("错误的参数",1, "白色金蛋", 2018001, new decimal(25.50));
+            var reslul1 = tupleStudy.SmashEgg(tuple1);
+            Assert.False(reslul1);
+
+            var tuple2 = new Tuple<int,string,int,decimal>(1, "白色金蛋", 2018001, new decimal(25.50));
+            var reslul2 = tupleStudy.SmashEgg(tuple2);
+            Assert.False(reslul2);
+
+            var tuple3 = new Tuple<int, string, int, decimal>(2, "白色金蛋", 2018001, new decimal(25.50));
+            var reslul3 = tupleStudy.SmashEgg(tuple3);
+            Assert.True(reslul3);
+        }
+    }
+}

TupleStudyTest/TupleStudyTest.csproj

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<Project ToolsVersion="15.0" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
+  <Import Project="..\packages\xunit.runner.visualstudio.2.3.1\build\net20\xunit.runner.visualstudio.props" Condition="Exists('..\packages\xunit.runner.visualstudio.2.3.1\build\net20\xunit.runner.visualstudio.props')" />
+  <Import Project="..\packages\xunit.core.2.3.1\build\xunit.core.props" Condition="Exists('..\packages\xunit.core.2.3.1\build\xunit.core.props')" />
+  <Import Project="$(MSBuildExtensionsPath)\$(MSBuildToolsVersion)\Microsoft.Common.props" Condition="Exists('$(MSBuildExtensionsPath)\$(MSBuildToolsVersion)\Microsoft.Common.props')" />
+  <PropertyGroup>
+    <Configuration Condition=" '$(Configuration)' == '' ">Debug</Configuration>
+    <Platform Condition=" '$(Platform)' == '' ">AnyCPU</Platform>
+    <ProjectGuid>{D8CBDB9A-3EDA-4A6B-BB13-E7765B63717E}</ProjectGuid>
+    <OutputType>Library</OutputType>
+    <AppDesignerFolder>Properties</AppDesignerFolder>
+    <RootNamespace>TupleStudyTest</RootNamespace>
+    <AssemblyName>TupleStudyTest</AssemblyName>
+    <TargetFrameworkVersion>v4.6.1</TargetFrameworkVersion>
+    <FileAlignment>512</FileAlignment>
+    <NuGetPackageImportStamp>
+    </NuGetPackageImportStamp>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <PropertyGroup Condition=" '$(Configuration)|$(Platform)' == 'Debug|AnyCPU' ">
+    <DebugSymbols>true</DebugSymbols>
+    <DebugType>full</DebugType>
+    <Optimize>false</Optimize>
+    <OutputPath>bin\Debug\</OutputPath>
+    <DefineConstants>DEBUG;TRACE</DefineConstants>
+    <ErrorReport>prompt</ErrorReport>
+    <WarningLevel>4</WarningLevel>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <PropertyGroup Condition=" '$(Configuration)|$(Platform)' == 'Release|AnyCPU' ">
+    <DebugType>pdbonly</DebugType>
+    <Optimize>true</Optimize>
+    <OutputPath>bin\Release\</OutputPath>
+    <DefineConstants>TRACE</DefineConstants>
+    <ErrorReport>prompt</ErrorReport>
+    <WarningLevel>4</WarningLevel>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <Reference Include="System" />
+    <Reference Include="System.Core" />
+    <Reference Include="System.Xml.Linq" />
+    <Reference Include="System.Data.DataSetExtensions" />
+    <Reference Include="Microsoft.CSharp" />
+    <Reference Include="System.Data" />
+    <Reference Include="System.Net.Http" />
+    <Reference Include="System.Xml" />
+    <Reference Include="xunit.abstractions, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=8d05b1bb7a6fdb6c, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
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+    </Reference>
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+    </Reference>
+    <Reference Include="xunit.core, Version=2.3.1.3858, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=8d05b1bb7a6fdb6c, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
+      <HintPath>..\packages\xunit.extensibility.core.2.3.1\lib\netstandard1.1\xunit.core.dll</HintPath>
+    </Reference>
+    <Reference Include="xunit.execution.desktop, Version=2.3.1.3858, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=8d05b1bb7a6fdb6c, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
+      <HintPath>..\packages\xunit.extensibility.execution.2.3.1\lib\net452\xunit.execution.desktop.dll</HintPath>
+    </Reference>
+  </ItemGroup>
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <Compile Include="ValueTupleStudyTest.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="TupleStudyTest.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="Properties\AssemblyInfo.cs" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <None Include="packages.config" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <Analyzer Include="..\packages\xunit.analyzers.0.7.0\analyzers\dotnet\cs\xunit.analyzers.dll" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <ProjectReference Include="..\TupleStudy\TupleStudy.csproj">
+      <Project>{3bf11d95-1a17-444f-97a8-5536fcc8c015}</Project>
+      <Name>TupleStudy</Name>
+    </ProjectReference>
+  </ItemGroup>
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <Service Include="{82A7F48D-3B50-4B1E-B82E-3ADA8210C358}" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+  <Import Project="$(MSBuildToolsPath)\Microsoft.CSharp.targets" />
+  <Target Name="EnsureNuGetPackageBuildImports" BeforeTargets="PrepareForBuild">
+    <PropertyGroup>
+      <ErrorText>这台计算机上缺少此项目引用的 NuGet 程序包。使用“NuGet 程序包还原”可下载这些程序包。有关更多信息，请参见 http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=322105。缺少的文件是 {0}。</ErrorText>
+    </PropertyGroup>
+    <Error Condition="!Exists('..\packages\xunit.core.2.3.1\build\xunit.core.props')" Text="$([System.String]::Format('$(ErrorText)', '..\packages\xunit.core.2.3.1\build\xunit.core.props'))" />
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+</Project>

TupleStudyTest/ValueTupleStudyTest.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
+using System.Text;
+using System.Threading.Tasks;
+
+using Xunit;
+using Xunit.Abstractions;
+using Xunit.Extensions;
+using Xunit.Sdk;
+
+using TupleStudy;
+
+namespace TupleStudyTest
+{
+    public class ValueTupleStudyTest
+    {
+        private TupleStudy.ValueTupleStudy tupleStudy;
+
+        public ValueTupleStudyTest()
+        {
+            tupleStudy = new TupleStudy.ValueTupleStudy();
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void ValueTuple_Create_Constructor()
+        {
+            var emptyTuple = new ValueTuple();
+            Assert.IsType<ValueTuple>(emptyTuple);
+
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Test()
+        {
+            ValueTuple aa = new ValueTuple();
+            
+        }
+    }
+}

TupleStudyTest/packages.config

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<packages>
+  <package id="xunit" version="2.3.1" targetFramework="net461" />
+  <package id="xunit.abstractions" version="2.0.1" targetFramework="net461" />
+  <package id="xunit.analyzers" version="0.7.0" targetFramework="net461" />
+  <package id="xunit.assert" version="2.3.1" targetFramework="net461" />
+  <package id="xunit.core" version="2.3.1" targetFramework="net461" />
+  <package id="xunit.extensibility.core" version="2.3.1" targetFramework="net461" />
+  <package id="xunit.extensibility.execution" version="2.3.1" targetFramework="net461" />
+  <package id="xunit.runner.visualstudio" version="2.3.1" targetFramework="net461" developmentDependency="true" />
+</packages>

元组学习.sln

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+
+Microsoft Visual Studio Solution File, Format Version 12.00
+# Visual Studio 15
+VisualStudioVersion = 15.0.27428.2043
+MinimumVisualStudioVersion = 10.0.40219.1
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "TupleStudy", "TupleStudy\TupleStudy.csproj", "{3BF11D95-1A17-444F-97A8-5536FCC8C015}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "TupleStudyTest", "TupleStudyTest\TupleStudyTest.csproj", "{D8CBDB9A-3EDA-4A6B-BB13-E7765B63717E}"
+EndProject
+Global
+	GlobalSection(SolutionConfigurationPlatforms) = preSolution
+		Debug|Any CPU = Debug|Any CPU
+		Release|Any CPU = Release|Any CPU
+	EndGlobalSection
+	GlobalSection(ProjectConfigurationPlatforms) = postSolution
+		{3BF11D95-1A17-444F-97A8-5536FCC8C015}.Debug|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
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+		{3BF11D95-1A17-444F-97A8-5536FCC8C015}.Release|Any CPU.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
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+		{D8CBDB9A-3EDA-4A6B-BB13-E7765B63717E}.Debug|Any CPU.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{D8CBDB9A-3EDA-4A6B-BB13-E7765B63717E}.Release|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
+		{D8CBDB9A-3EDA-4A6B-BB13-E7765B63717E}.Release|Any CPU.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
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