更新：配置绑定

OptionStudy.Next/2配置模型/IConfigurationProviderTest.cs

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ namespace OptionStudy.Next
             Action run = () =>
             {
                 provider.Set("TestName", "UpdateName");
-                if (!provider.TryGet("Demo", out string _v))
+                if (!provider.TryGet("Demo", out var _v))
                 {
                     provider.Add("Demo", "demo");
                 }
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ namespace OptionStudy.Next
             };
 
 
-            var provider = source.Build(null);
+            var provider = source.Build(new ConfigurationBuilder());
             var hasName = provider.TryGet("AppName", out _);
 
             Assert.NotNull(provider);

OptionStudy.Next/2配置模型/Point.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.ComponentModel;
+using System.Linq;
+using System.Text;
+using System.Threading.Tasks;
+
+namespace OptionStudy.Next
+{
+    [TypeConverter(typeof(PointTypeConverter))]
+    public readonly record struct Point(double x, double y);
+}

OptionStudy.Next/2配置模型/PointTypeConverter.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.ComponentModel;
+using System.Globalization;
+using System.Linq;
+using System.Text;
+using System.Threading.Tasks;
+
+namespace OptionStudy.Next
+{
+    public class PointTypeConverter: TypeConverter 
+    {
+        public override bool CanConvertFrom(ITypeDescriptorContext? context, Type sourceType)
+        {
+            return sourceType == typeof(string);
+        }
+
+        public override object? ConvertFrom(ITypeDescriptorContext? context, CultureInfo? culture, object value)
+        {
+            var split = (value.ToString()??"0.0,0.0").Split(',');
+            double x = double.Parse(split[0].Trim().TrimStart('('));
+            double y = double.Parse(split[1].Trim().TrimEnd(')'));
+
+            return new Point(x, y);
+        }
+    }
+}

OptionStudy.Next/3配置绑定/ConfigBinderTest.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,265 @@
+
+using OptionStudy.UnitApp.Next;
+
+namespace OptionStudy.Next._3配置绑定
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// 配置绑定 测试
+    /// 引用 Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.Binder 包
+    /// </summary>
+    public class ConfigBinderTest : IDisposable
+    {
+        private readonly ITestOutputHelper testOutput;
+
+        public ConfigBinderTest(ITestOutputHelper testOutputHelper)
+        {
+            this.testOutput = testOutputHelper;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 绑定配置项的值
+        /// </summary>
+        [Fact]
+        public void Binder_ConfigItem_Test()
+        {
+            IDictionary<string, string?> memoryData = new Dictionary<string, string?>()
+            {
+                ["AppName"] = "MemoryAppName",
+                ["AppVersion"] = "0.0.0.1",
+                ["EMail:ReceiveAddress"] = "memory@163.com",
+                ["EMail:Recipient"] = "memory",
+                ["foo"] = null,
+                ["bar"] = "",
+                ["baz"] = "123",
+            };
+
+            var root = new ConfigurationBuilder().AddInMemoryCollection(memoryData).Build();
+
+            //针对 object : 直接返回原始值（字符串或null）
+            Assert.Null(root.GetValue<object>("foo"));
+            Assert.Equal(string.Empty, root.GetValue<object>("bar"));
+            Assert.Equal("123", root.GetValue<object>("baz"));
+
+
+            //针对普通类型: 针对类型的 TypeConverter 来 完成类型转换
+            Assert.Equal(0,root.GetValue<int>("foo"));
+            Assert.Equal(123, root.GetValue<int>("baz"));
+
+            //针对 Nullable<T> 类型：原始值为""或null时返回null,否则转换成基础类型。匹配不了了，则借值为 Default(T)
+            Assert.Null(root.GetValue<int?>("foo"));
+            Assert.Null(root.GetValue<int?>("bar"));
+
+            testOutput.WriteLine("绑定配置项的值");
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 绑定配置项的值,使用自定义转换器
+        /// </summary>
+        [Fact]
+        public void Binder_ConfigItem_CustomConverter_Test()
+        {
+            IDictionary<string, string?> memoryData = new Dictionary<string, string?>()
+            {
+                ["Point"] = "(123,456)",
+            };
+
+            var root = new ConfigurationBuilder().AddInMemoryCollection(memoryData).Build();
+
+            var point = root.GetValue<Point>("Point");
+
+            Assert.Equal(123, point.x);
+            Assert.Equal(456,point.y);
+
+            testOutput.WriteLine("绑定配置项的值,使用自定义转换器");
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 绑定复合对象
+        /// 自定义的类或结构等对象
+        /// </summary>
+        [Fact]
+        public void Binder_ComplexObject_Test()
+        {
+            IDictionary<string, string?> memoryData = new Dictionary<string, string?>()
+            {
+                ["AppName"] = "MemoryAppName",
+                ["AppVersion"] = "0.0.0.1",
+                ["EMail:ReceiveAddress"] = "memory@163.com",
+                ["EMail:Recipient"] = "memory",
+            };
+
+            var root = new ConfigurationBuilder().AddInMemoryCollection(memoryData).Build();
+
+            var appOption = root.Get<AppOption>();
+            Assert.Equal("MemoryAppName", appOption.AppName);
+            Assert.Equal("0.0.0.1", appOption.AppVersion.ToString());
+            Assert.Equal("memory@163.com", appOption.EMail?.ReceiveAddress);
+            Assert.Equal("memory", appOption.EMail?.Recipient);
+
+            var email = root.GetSection("EMail").Get<ReceiveMailOption>();
+            Assert.Equal("memory@163.com", email.ReceiveAddress);
+            Assert.Equal("memory", email.Recipient);
+
+            testOutput.WriteLine("绑定复合对象");
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 绑定集合(包括数组)
+        /// </summary>
+        [Fact]
+        public void Binder_Set_Test()
+        {
+            IDictionary<string, string?> memoryData = new Dictionary<string, string?>()
+            {
+                ["0:AppName"]                    = "MemoryAppName",
+                ["0:AppVersion"]                 = "0.0.0.1",
+                ["0:EMail:ReceiveAddress"]       = "memory@163.com",
+                ["0:EMail:Recipient"]            = "memory",
+
+                ["1:AppName"]                    = "MemoryAppName",
+                ["1:AppVersion"]                 = "0.0.0.1",
+                ["1:EMail:ReceiveAddress"]       = "memory@163.com",
+                ["1:EMail:Recipient"]            = "memory",
+
+                ["2;AppName"]                    = "MemoryAppName",
+                ["2;AppVersion"]                 = "0.0.0.1",
+                ["2;EMail:ReceiveAddress"]       = "memory@163.com",
+                ["2;EMail:Recipient"]            = "memory",
+            };
+
+            var root = new ConfigurationBuilder().AddInMemoryCollection(memoryData).Build();
+
+            var appOptions = root.Get<IList<AppOption>>();
+
+            Assert.Equal("MemoryAppName", appOptions[0].AppName);
+            Assert.Equal("0.0.0.1", appOptions[0].AppVersion.ToString());
+            Assert.Equal("memory@163.com", appOptions[0].EMail?.ReceiveAddress);
+            Assert.Equal("memory", appOptions[0].EMail?.Recipient);
+
+            Assert.Equal("MemoryAppName", appOptions[1].AppName);
+            Assert.Equal("0.0.0.1", appOptions[1].AppVersion.ToString());
+            Assert.Equal("memory@163.com", appOptions[1].EMail?.ReceiveAddress);
+            Assert.Equal("memory", appOptions[1].EMail?.Recipient);
+
+            Assert.Equal("MemoryAppName", appOptions[1].AppName);
+            Assert.Equal("0.0.0.1", appOptions[1].AppVersion.ToString());
+            Assert.Equal("memory@163.com", appOptions[1].EMail?.ReceiveAddress);
+            Assert.Equal("memory", appOptions[1].EMail?.Recipient);
+
+            testOutput.WriteLine("绑定集合(包括数组)");
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 绑定集合与数组的差别
+        /// 某项绑定失败，不影响其它项绑定，但是数组表现为空项而集合表现为忽略失败项
+        /// </summary>
+        [Fact]
+        public void Binder_CollectionAndArray_Differences_Test()
+        {
+            IDictionary<string, string?> memoryData = new Dictionary<string, string?>()
+            {
+                ["0:AppName"] = "0MemoryAppName",
+                ["0:AppVersion"] = "0.0.0.1",
+
+
+                ["1:AppName"] = "1MemoryAppName",
+                ["1:AppVersion"] = "A.B.C.D",                   //此项改为非版本数值，故意出错
+
+                ["2:AppName"] = "2MemoryAppName",
+                ["2:AppVersion"] = "2.1.2.3",
+            };
+
+            var root = new ConfigurationBuilder().AddInMemoryCollection(memoryData).Build();
+
+            var list = root.Get<IList<AppOption>>();
+            var array = root.Get<AppOption[]>();
+
+            Assert.Equal(2, list.Count);
+            
+            Assert.Equal(3, array.Length);
+            Assert.Null(array[1]);
+
+            testOutput.WriteLine("绑定集合与数组的差别");
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 绑定字典
+        /// </summary>
+        [Fact]
+        public void Binder_Dictionary_Test()
+        {
+            IDictionary<string, string?> memoryData = new Dictionary<string, string?>()
+            {
+                ["One:AppName"] = "0MemoryAppName",
+                ["One:AppVersion"] = "0.0.0.1",
+                ["One:EMail:ReceiveAddress"] = "memory@163.com",
+                ["One:EMail:Recipient"] = "memory",
+
+
+                ["Two:AppName"] = "1MemoryAppName",
+                ["Two:AppVersion"] = "1.2.3.4",                
+                ["Two:EMail:ReceiveAddress"] = "1@163.com",
+                ["Two:EMail:Recipient"] = "memory1",
+
+                ["Three:AppName"] = "2MemoryAppName",
+                ["Three:AppVersion"] = "2.0.0.0",
+                ["Three:EMail:ReceiveAddress"] = "2@163.com",
+                ["Three:EMail:Recipient"] = "memory2",
+            };
+
+            var root = new ConfigurationBuilder().AddInMemoryCollection(memoryData).Build();
+            var dic = root.Get<IDictionary<string,AppOption>>();
+            
+            Assert.Equal(3, dic.Count);
+            Assert.Equal("0MemoryAppName", dic["One"].AppName);
+            Assert.Equal("1MemoryAppName", dic["Two"].AppName);
+            Assert.Equal("2MemoryAppName", dic["Three"].AppName);
+
+            testOutput.WriteLine("绑定字典");
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 绑定字典有错
+        /// 存在转换错误时，抛出异常
+        /// </summary>
+        [Fact]
+        public void Binder_Dictionary_HasError_Test()
+        {
+            IDictionary<string, string?> memoryData = new Dictionary<string, string?>()
+            {
+                ["One:AppName"] = "0MemoryAppName",
+                ["One:AppVersion"] = "0.0.0.1",
+                ["One:EMail:ReceiveAddress"] = "memory@163.com",
+                ["One:EMail:Recipient"] = "memory",
+
+
+                ["Two:AppName"] = "1MemoryAppName",
+                ["Two:AppVersion"] = "A.B.C.D",                   //此项改为非版本数值，故意出错
+                ["Two:EMail:ReceiveAddress"] = "1@163.com",
+                ["Two:EMail:Recipient"] = "memory1",
+
+                ["Three:AppName"] = "2MemoryAppName",
+                ["Three:AppVersion"] = "2.0.0.0",
+                ["Three:EMail:ReceiveAddress"] = "2@163.com",
+                ["Three:EMail:Recipient"] = "memory2",
+            };
+
+            var root = new ConfigurationBuilder().AddInMemoryCollection(memoryData).Build();
+            
+            //["Two:AppVersion"] = "A.B.C.D"值不能转换成版本类，会抛出异常
+            Action getConfigDic = () => 
+            {
+                root.Get<IDictionary<string, AppOption>>();
+            };
+
+            Assert.Throws<InvalidOperationException>(getConfigDic);
+
+            testOutput.WriteLine("绑定字典：存在转换错误时，抛出异常！");
+        }
+
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+
+        }
+    }
+}

OptionStudy.Next/OptionStudy.Next.csproj

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
     <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.Ini" Version="7.0.0" />
     <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.Json" Version="7.0.0" />
     <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.Xml" Version="7.0.0" />
-    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.NET.Test.Sdk" Version="17.4.0" />
+    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.NET.Test.Sdk" Version="17.4.1" />
     <PackageReference Include="Moq" Version="4.18.3" />
     <PackageReference Include="xunit" Version="2.4.2" />
     <PackageReference Include="Xunit.DependencyInjection" Version="8.6.1" />
@@ -62,7 +62,6 @@
   <ItemGroup>
     <Folder Include="5多样性配置源\" />
     <Folder Include="4配置同步\" />
-    <Folder Include="3配置绑定\" />
   </ItemGroup>
 
 </Project>

OptionStudy.Next/Options/AppOption.cs

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ namespace OptionStudy.UnitApp.Next
         /// <summary>
         /// 软件版本
         /// </summary>
-        public string AppVersion { get; set; } = "0.0.0.1";
+        public Version AppVersion { get; set; } = new Version( "0.0.0.1");
 
         /// <summary>
         /// 接收邮箱配置对象